PISA 2025 scores hit record lows across the OECD. Germany dropped to historic lows (combined ~472), now sitting right at the OECD average — a stark fall for a country that once saw itself as an education powerhouse. Meanwhile Türkiye improved and now scores above the OECD average (science 494, combined ~476), overtaking Germany in science and sitting comfortably ahead overall. Estonia leads Europe by a wide margin. PISA 2025 — Top 10 Europe (combined avg) Estonia — 511 United Kingdom — 498 Ireland — 493 Switzerland — 490 Poland — 487 Finland — 482 Austria — 480 Belgium — 479 Czechia — 478 Türkiye — 476